The Crucible By Arthur Miller - 1694 Words

Names usually possess a significant meaning behind them: someone could be named after a close relative, pets named after their owner’s favorite comic character, an email address named after their favorite pastime. However, sometimes the meaning of a name is less obvious. In The Crucible, Arthur Miller recreates the anxiety and hysteria of the Salem witch-trials from 1692. Although the title, not once is the word â€Å"crucible† spoken in the play. Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines â€Å"crucible† three ways: â€Å"A pot in which metals or other substances are heated to a very high temperature or melted†, â€Å"a difficult test or challenge†, and â€Å"a place or situation that forces people to change or make difficult decisions† (â€Å"Crucible†). The definitions†¦show more content†¦Amongst the dancers was Abigail Williams, an orphan and servant to Reverend Parris. When accusations of witchcraft targeted the girls, Abigail l ies and confesses to Satanism: â€Å"I danced with the Devil; I saw him; I wrote in his book; I go back to Jesus; I kiss his hand. I saw Sarah Good with the Devil! I saw Goody Osburn with the Devil! I saw Bridget Bishop with the Devil!† (Miller 48). The puritans fear the devil so much that they willingly believe Abigail’s accusations of those consorting with the devil and imprison those she points her finger towards. Thus, Abigail uses her newfound influence to arrest the wife of her paramour, John Proctor, revealing her true feelings of greed and passion during the madness of the witch trials. Abigail was not the only abuser of mayhem; similar acts of greed and jealousy surfaced as the trials proceeded. Giles Corey, an old farmer of Salem, accuses Thomas Putnam, a wealthy and influential citizen of Salem, of making his daughter accuse landowners of witchcraft: â€Å"If Jacobs hangs for a witch he forfeits up his property—that’s law! And there is none bu t Putnam with the coin to buy so great a piece. This man is killing his neighbors for their land....The day his daughter cried out on Jacobs, he said she’d given him a fair gift of land† (Miller 96). Thomas Putnam s greed uses the trials as means of monetary gain, thus prolonging the trials. Salem became a boiling pot of madness that melted away everyone s pure and lustrous facade,

American Sign Language by Baker-Shenk, Charlotte L and Dennis Cokely Article

Essays on American Sign Language by Baker-Shenk, Charlotte L and Dennis Cokely Article The paper "American Sign Language by Baker-Shenk, Charlotte L. and Dennis Cokely" is a delightful example of an article on education. The articles revolve around discussing the importance of language in conveying important information, particularly messages, in various forms like spoken words, writing, and most importantly, hand signals. But what is more crucial is how a language is converted into a â€Å"tool† or a â€Å"mean† through which information can be delivered to the addressee accurately. This is particularly critical in that interpretations can vary extensively even when messages are still being conveyed through words, so how much more if physical signs and symbols are the only instruments to carry out a communication process. In the article, there is a strong assertion of words to contain â€Å"symbols and grammatical signals† (31) that stand for something else. Since deaf people only rely on symbols, there is a certain degree of precision required in transporting a message from a normal person to a deaf person. But, much concern should be placed upon the limitedness of variations in hand signals. Unlike words that could subtly be interpreted inside the mind, sign languages need to be represented by a hand signal, which could overlap other hand signals. Considering the fact that deaf people only depend on hand signals, it is fair to infer that there is a much lower level of emotion involved in their communication. Emotions are best expressed using spoken language. But, deaf people are only afforded to construe what they can â€Å"see†; nothing beyond it i.e. feelings or sensations. In other words, they are isolated within the realms of visual communication and perception. For instance, in delivering a eulogy or a sad dialogue, they are only served with the basic information; about what the speaker is talking about. Perhaps, the biggest challenge for ASL is to come up with an innovative hand signaling method that consolida tes both emotion and meaning.

Blue Parker Original Writing The Blitz Free Essays

It started out as a normal day; birds were singing and the autumn leaves were falling, each golden, crisply leaf floating to the golden carpet of the woodland. Everyone in the village smiled and said, â€Å"Hello† as you passed them by, the sun was shining like a shimmering coin. Trees were dancing in the mid-day breeze which lightly blew through the perfect air†¦ That was until a growing cloud started to shroud my village and eclipsed the sun. We will write a custom essay sample on Blue Parker Original Writing: The Blitz or any similar topic only for you Order Now That was until the rain shot down like bullets. That was until my home was blitzed by the German army. The quiet and tranquil morning was suddenly replaced with chaos and fear. No longer did the citizens not stop to say hello, instead they dashed into their homes. No longer did bird song echo on the breeze. Now only the sound of chaos and fear remained. The black mist closed upon my village; it was in complete darkness. Then I saw them; the fighter planes which elegantly swooped down like a graceful yet vicious swarm. The planes dived and ducked to violently attack my home land. In the air I could smell fear mixed with a smoky blitz of burning buildings; the odour of engine oil, gunpowder, smoke; the unforgettable stench of dust which ate through the smoky polluted air. The silent clouds above sneaked through the frozen sky. The scent of tense anticipation hung in the air, until †¦.. Crash†¦. Boom! The bullets and blaze covered my village in a thunderous crackling wave of panic and despair. The inferno took hold and the flames flared like grotesque dancers approaching the finale of their show. The cold morning was replaced with an orange glow as the flames began to devour the village. The buildings burned one by one leading up to the church, where the priests stayed vainly believing that they would be safe in the 400 year old masterpiece. The cathedral was as white as snow and stood at a staggering height, apposing the fire until the moment of reckoning finally came: the church was defeated by the orange, glowing demon which got stronger and stronger as it ate through my village. My usually quiet village was in ruins the perfect landscape ruined. Roads became blackened dirt tracks, houses became shacks and people†¦ became corpses. Flashes of red and orange ate the buildings throughout the village, buildings were falling, crashing and burning. Was it a horrible dream? I didn’t care; I had to run. I kept running towards the safest place which ironically was the tallest building in the whole of the village. As I stumbled over the hill, which blocked the telephone tower‘s view, I was astonished to find it their, sizzling in the soaring heat that beamed down. It was just lying there like a sleighed knight. My plan was a failure. What now? Everyone around me raced towards the next town (Greenford) it was every man for himself people frantically clawed passed each other. Desperate people fled the village, there were no attempts to calm or put out the blazing monster which tore the village apart, nobody helped the trapped helpless people that were taken captive by the evil red monster. As for me, I followed the desperate horde of people to safety. But would the next village get bombed then the next then where do we go? The next day came. All around me I could see nothing but death and destruction. The village was ruined. Buildings, once standing proud and beautiful were nothing more that blackened shells. Lone people, hysterically crying, wandered from building to building in the hope that they might salvage something. The German planes had left hours ago, flying away safely and smugly satisfied with the havoc and devastation they had reeked. The enemy had gone but the consequences of war remained. How to cite Blue Parker Original Writing: The Blitz, Essay examples

Fusion Heat Essay Example For Students

Fusion Heat Essay The objective of this experiment is to find the heat of fusion of water by usinga calorimeter. The calorimeter will be used to melt ice in water to find theheat of fusion. Theory: Heat of fusion is known to be the amount of heat that ittakes to allow one mole of a substance to turn from solid to liquid. The heat offusion of water is known to be 80 cal/mol. This experiment will use acalorimeter with distilled water and ice to find an experimental value of heatof fusion of water. Equations used in this experiment will be LFM1 =M2C?T where LF is the heat of fusion, M1 is the mass of the substancebeing melted (the ice), M 2 is the mass of the substance that is doing themelting (the water), C is the specific heat of the substance (water is onecalorie per gram per degree), and ?T is the change in temperature. Procedure: The following materials will be needed for this experiment, a cup, athermometer, distilled water, ice, and a scale. The first step is to find themass of the cup without anything in it. After that fill it about half full withdistilled water, and find the mass of that. After the mass of the cup and wateris measured, put about five or six normal blocks of ice in to the cup. Use thethermometer to stir the mixture. Every 15 seconds record the temperature of themixture. When the temperature has leveled off, use a fork to pick out any blocksof ice that are left. Data Calculations: Mass of cup: 3.39 g Mass of cupand water: 169.17 g Mass of cup, water and ice: 208.11 g Mass of water: 165.78gMass of ice: 38.94 g Change in temperature: 18.9 C (38.94 g)X = (165.78 g)(1cal/gram C)(18.9 C) 38.94 g X = 3133.242 cal X = 80.46 cal/g 80.46 80 = .6 %error 80 Conclusion Discussion: This experiment was good to show how findan experimental value of heat of fusion of a substance. Some of the p ossiblesources of error could have been: ? There could have been human error inreading equipment. ? There could have been equipment error in measuring. ? Some extra water could have come out when digging out the ice. ?The ice was tap water and not distilled. ? Some water could have beensplashed out when stirring. ? Some heat could have been lost into thecup. ? Some heat could have been lost to the environment. Physics

Syria and the Revolution

Introduction The Arab wave of unrest began in Tunisia in December 2010, and led to the ousting of Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali, who had ruled the country for 23 years. The revolution in this small North African country was characterized by demonstrations and riots, which were quelled violently by the police and other state security agencies (Barnard and Cowell 2).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Syria and the Revolution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the protestors relentlessly pursued their course and on 14th January 2011, 28 days after, the president resigned and fled to Saudi Arabia. This revolution was replicated in Egypt on 25th January 2011 and on February 11 2011; Hosni Mubarak resigned, ending his 30 years reign over the country. The wave of Arab revolution hit Syria on 15th march 2011 (Barnard and Cowell 2). It all started in a small southern city, whose residents held street protests after student s who had displayed anti-government graffiti were tortured. The government used extreme force on the protestors and the demonstrations spread rapidly to various other parts of the country. The confrontations between protestors and government security agencies have left several people dead and injured and are threatening to escalate into a civil war. President Bashar al-Assad and members of his family continue holding onto power despite the international and internal pressure to end violence against civilians and allow political change (Barnard and Cowell 2) Background Information on Revolution Syria has a population of about 21 million people and is under the authoritarian rule headed by President Bashar al-Assad. The constitution authorizes supremacy of leaders from the Ba’ath Party in the society and state institutions (Sharp 1). Party members and President Assad’s family dominate the three arms of the government. Syria has had a state of emergency since 1963, which grants security agencies enormous power of suppressing any opposition (Sharp 1).Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The political and socio-economic conditions in Syria have led to deep discontent with the status quo that has contributed to the high inflation and unemployment rates, minimum political freedom, suppressive security forces and rampant corruption. Although protests started in a smaller marginalized town, their intensity has been more in larger cities of Aleppo and Damascus. This is a clear indication that people in larger towns are more opposed to Assad’s regime as they experience the problems mentioned above firsthand (Sharp 2). Key Players in the Revolution Opposition Groups and Demonstrators Most demonstrators are politically conversant and frustrated males between the ages of 20 to 40 years (Ecoi.Net par. 4). Although the Syrian opposition groups have become more or ganized during the revolution, they still remain largely divided over leadership, coordination, tactics and strategy. The Local Coordinating Councils present in many regions, played a vital role during the protest stage of the revolution as it linked activists from all over the country using informal networks (Sharp 3). Armed activists from Syria and other neighboring countries joined in the foray, as the unrest moved to greater heights of confrontations and violence. Some of the major opposition groups currently involved in the conflict are discussed below; The Free Syrian Army (FSA)-This group is made up of dissident military officers and personnel who defected from the government. They are armed and mainly attack government troops. The group is made up of individual security personnel, who defied orders to ruthlessly attack civilian protestors. Earlier this year, the FSA swore to put more effort in dealing with government troops that were using excessive force on civilians. FSA threatened to attack more military security centers, because they were used by the government in attacking and suppressing the Syrian people (Sharp 3). The Syrian National Council (SNC) – This group that was formed in October 2011 in Turkey is made up of external activists. The group wants the government to call off the crackdown on protestors and protect civilians (Sharp 3). The National Coordination Commission of the Forces of Democratic Change (NCC) – This is an alliance of leftist groups based in Syria and Kurdish activists. The group is against any civilian protection that involves external militaries and is willing to dialogue with the government, as long ruthless attacks on protestors cease (Sharp 3). These oppositions groups justify that they have resulted into using force to repress the excessive violent tactics used by the government security agencies to quell the riots. Assad’s regime has condemned attacks on the police and military forces by these o pposition groups that have been termed as terrorist groups. The ethnic divisions in Syria further complicate the conflict since the county’s elite and Assad’s family belong to the minority Alawite faction, in this largely Sunni country (Sharp 4).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Syria and the Revolution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Government Forces Assad’s regime has dealt ruthlessly with popular protests and opposition. Security forces and the military have been used in suppressing peaceful protests across the country. The Shabbiha or the Alawite civilian militia has been used by Assad’s regime to mete out violence on innocent civilians. One year since the revolution began; the government forces have continued to viciously crash any opposition (Sharp 5). In March 2012, the government unleashed bloody attacks on insurgents’ strongholds of Idlib and Homs. According to United Nations, more than 9,000 Syrians have lost their lives and thousands have been displaced since March 2011, when the unrest began (Sharp 5). Assad’s Reaction to the Revolution President al-Assad announced some reforms as a result of criticism from international communities and growing protests. He also gave amnesty to various groups of prisoners and some were freed. Assad also passed orders permitting peaceful demonstrations under certain situations and allowed the legal registration of other political parties apart from Ba’ath. He also lifted the state of emergency that had been in place for 48 years. On December 19th 2011, Assad’s government opened a national dialogue aimed at creating a multiparty democracy. However, opposition leaders in the country boycotted this event. Recently, Assad’s government called for a referendum on the new constitution on 26 February 2012 (Ecoi.Net par. 9). This new constitution stipulates that it will end Ba’ath par ty supremacy, but bestows most of the powers on Bashar al-Assad. According to Syrian state television, 89 percent of Syrians supported the new constitution in the referendum. The West and opposition activists shunned these results, as they saw this as a new strategy by Asad to hold unto power.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Violation of Human Rights During the revolution, numerous abuses of human rights have been witnessed. Apart from the extensive systematic attacks on the civilian population organized and executed by state security forces, deaths in custody have also been reported. According to Amnesty International, 88 deaths have occurred in state custodies between April 1st and August 15th 2011. It is also estimated that not less than 190 people including children, have died while in custody (Ecoi.Net par. 10). Violation of human rights has also been witnessed in state hospitals where injured people are taken for treatment. People injured during demonstrations have reportedly been physically and verbally abused by the medical staff and sometimes deprived of medical care. People taken to hospitals have also been detained and arrested by security forces (Ecoi.Net par. 13) Vocal Syrian activists living abroad have not been spared either, as they are systematically harassed by embassy officials. Their families in Syria have been constantly harassed and intimidated by government authorities. The Syrian security has tortured and captured children during the one year of uprising. Some children have been shot in the streets or at home, while others have been captured and kept in inhumane environments. Schools have been used as military barracks, bases, sniper posts or detention centers. (Ecoi.Net par.143) International Response to Revolution Although condemnation for Assad’s regime has been wide from all corners of the world, most external players have failed in their efforts to stop the bloodshed. The Arab League expelled Syria from its council after it violated a peace plan that pledged to allow peaceful protests by pulling out the army from the streets. Assad’s government never honored the promise, but instead intensified the crack down on protesters. On 19th December 2011, the government agreed to fully cooperate with the Arab League by allowing an observer mission into the country (Ecoi.Net par. 15). The leagues presence did not improve the situation, as the government forces continued meting out violence on protesters (Ecoi.Net par. 25). The Arab league also formulated a transition plan that was presented to the United Nations Security Council. This plan was vetoed by China and Russia, who are permanent members of the Security Council. The international community opposing Assad’s regime can only undertake a collective action with the assistance of Syrian people, since the UN backed mandate failed. The EU and the US as well as the Arab league placed economic sanctions on Syria. It also put an embargo on exportation of weapons to the country and banned it member states from purchasing oil from Syria. The EU also banned the delivery of bank notes to the central bank of Syria and prohibited the trade of precious metals and gold with the state (Ecoi.Net par. 21). The EU also banned cargo flights from the country. The US has frozen all Syr ian government assets that are within its jurisdiction and banned US residents from performing any transactions with blacklisted individuals within the Syrian government. Turkey and Arab league have also followed suit and banned any transactions with Assad’s government. Assad’s government has found allies, with Russia sending a shipment of arms for the Syrian troops. Iran is another close ally that has sent cash, arms and advisors to Syria. It also assists Syria in exporting its oil abroad. Hezbollah from Lebanon has also declared its support for Assad’s regime. Conclusion President Assad is using the massive firepower to hold unto power and prevent the opposition from seizing power in any region. Assad’s strategy to hold on to power involves using ruthless crackdowns on opposition, thus preventing them from forming an effective, cohesive leadership. However, the protests threaten to escalate into a full civil war with tension already spilling over to oth er regions such as Jordan, turkey, Iraq and Lebanon (Barnard and Cowell 2). The latest efforts to end the one year bloody revolution are through a plan formulated by Kofi Annan, the former UN secretary. The plan proposes six points that will be used in ending the violence in Syria. These include; releasing prisoners, allowing journalists’ access, permitting free movement, withdrawing heavy troops and weapons from civilian centers and allowing humanitarian assistance. Assad has warmed up to this plan as well as the Arab League, which has dropped its initial demands for the president to step down (Siddique and Whitaker 10). Works Cited Barnard, Anne Alan Cowell. â€Å"Syria.† The New York Times 29 March, 2012, late ed.: F1, F9. Ecoi.Net. 2012. The 2011-2012 political unrest in Syria. Web. Sharp, Jeremy. 2012. Unrest in Syria and U.S. Sanctions Against the Asad Regime. PDF file. Web. Siddique, Haroon Brian Whitaker. â€Å"Syria Accepts Annan Peace Plan.† The Guar dian 27 March 2012, early ed.: F10, F13. This essay on Syria and the Revolution was written and submitted by user H0ly to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Transformation of the Ancient Greece Art

Transformation of the Ancient Greece Art In the course of its history, the culture of Ancient Greece underwent significant transformation. This paper is aimed at discussing these changes by looking at art. In particular, it is necessary to focus on sculptural works that were created between the years 650 and 100 before the Common Era.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Transformation of the Ancient Greece Art specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These artworks can throw light on the development of Greek art during that period. To some extent, this development could be prompted by international relations of the Greek cities and the philosophical values which emerged in this culture. These are the main factors that should be taken into account. At first, it is necessary to examine the sculptural works which belong to the archaic period of the Greek culture. In particular, one can mention such artworks as Kleobis and Biton, Dipylon Kouros, and the Moschophoros[1]. Th ey were created during the period 600 and 570 BCE. At that time, Greek sculptors were influenced by the styles and techniques developed in Egypt and the Near East[2]. For example, the hairdo of the people depicted by sculptors suggests that they could familiar with the culture of Ancient Persia. The viewers can see that the sculptures have anthropomorphic features. In other words, they resemble a human being. Nevertheless, the gender distinctions are not emphasized by the authors. This argument is particularly relevant if one speaks about such a sculpture as the Moschophoros. Overall, these artworks represent the archaic period of the Greek art. In contrast, one can look at the sculptures created during the classical period. In particular, one can look at such examples as Diadumenos by Polyclitus, Artemision Bronze, or Venus Braschi[3]. It is possible to identify several differences in comparison with the previous group. First of all, the sculptors tried to portray subjects in a mor e realistic manner. For example, gender distinctions are clearly visible. Moreover, the artists depicted people in different poses which are rather naturalistic. Yet, the most important aspect is that the authors tried to present an idealized image of a human body.[4] This is probably the main distinction of these artworks since these sculptures set the standards of physical beauty. These transformations could have been caused by several important factors. In particular, one can mention the Greco-Persian Wars which started in 499. These international conflicts significantly diminished the influence of Persian culture on Greece. The techniques that one can see in the sculptures of the Archaic Period were rejected.Advertising Looking for essay on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moreover, the political culture and philosophy of that period set stress on such aspects as human dignity, liberty, and freedom. This is o ne of the reasons why sculptors tried to create an idealized image of a human being[5]. Therefore, it is possible to say that the transformation of political ideology and philosophy gave rise to artistic changes. These are the main issues that can be identified. This discussion indicates at several important issues. First of all, Greek sculptors tended to imitate the examples and techniques developed in the Near East and Egypt. In this case, one should focus on the works of the archaic period. However, this trend declined after the changes in the political and intellectual life of Ancient Greece, especially the growing value of human life. This trends prompted sculptors to portray people in an idealized way. Therefore, one can argue that art is closely related to social and political life in the community. Appendixes Picture 1: Kleobis and Biton Picture 2: Dipylon Kouros Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Transformation of the Ancient Greece Art specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Picture 3 Moschophoros (Hurwit 27) Picture 4: Diadumenos by Polyclitus Picture 5: Artemision Bronze Advertising Looking for essay on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Picture 6: Venus Braschi (Sacks 51) Gardner, Helen, and Fred Kleiner. Gardners Art Through the Ages: A Global History, New York: Cengage Learning, 2012. Print. Hurwit, John. The Art and Culture of Early Greece: 1100-480 B. C, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988. Print. Sacks, David. Encyclopedia of the Ancient Greek World, New York: Infobase Publishing, 2009. Print. Footnotes Please, refer to the Appendixes, Pictures 1, 2, and 3 Hurwit, John. The Art and Culture of Early Greece: 1100-480 B. C ( Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988) 27. Appendixes, Pictures 4. 5, and 6. Sacks, David. Encyclopedia of the Ancient Greek World, ( New York: Infobase Publishing, 2009) 51. Gardner, Helen, and Fred Kleiner. Gardners Art Through the Ages: A Global History (New York: Cengage Learning, 2012) 122.

How to become a good leader Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

How to become a good leader - Essay Example A lot of researches have been done to understand the definition and essence of leadership, to identify the differences between the managers and the leaders. Management of organizational behavior defines leaders as the "Men and women who saw the need for action, believed in what they were doing, inspired others and, in spite of incredible odds, changed the world." (Hersey, Blanchard & Johnson, 1). Many theories and meanings of leaders and leadership have been developed throughout the world. All these theories have not been providing with same results however they do agree on certain grounds. All the theories agree that a leader has a clear set of goals and is capable of setting examples. He is a person with strong beliefs and vision for the future. A leader bravely voices his opinions and takes actions on his beliefs and passions. Leadership is a quality or ability that a person possesses to influence and guide others. There are various theories that define and explain leadership. The major ones are the Trait theory, Behavioral theory, Contingency theory and the Transformational theory. The Traits theory identifies certain traits or behavior in a person. This theory believes that human are born with the traits of becoming a leader. The theory suggests that if a person posses the specified traits he is a leader. The Behavioral theory suggests that leaders have a specific behavior towards their followers and that makes them distinct from others. This theory specifies the style and the behavior of the leaders. The contingency theory acts as the critic of the above theories and specifies that the styles and the traits of the individuals can be different in different dynamic situations. This theory suggests that the leaders are defined by their activities and abilities. The characteristics or the behaviors cannot be defined or specified. The transformational theory stresses on the effective interaction of the leaders with their

Reasons to Appreciate the Family Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reasons to Appreciate the Family - Essay Example In the beginning of the paper, the author would like to tell about his family. His family is relatively small with only him, his brother, his Mom, and Dad. The author is the eldest child in the family and his baby brother is only 17 years old. The researcher believes that every child should appreciate his or her parents for a lot of reasons. His parents' love had brought him here in this world to enjoy life’s pleasures. The author knows that he can never fully grasp all the toils his mother went through when she carried him in her womb much less the pain that she felt when she finally pushed him out to life. The author tells that he needs not to mention all the nights she stayed up late to take care of him and feed him. She is his best friend and confidante as no one knows all his inner thoughts and emotions. The author doesn’t know what’s in her but she can easily make him open his heart to her and let her know what’s inside it. His mom is really exceptio nal and he admires her so much for her love and courage. Dads are always portrayed as tough, unmovable, and firm yet you’ll be surprised to know that my Dad is different. Though he is tough and unmovable, he made me realized the benefits of his character. His toughness refrains the author from being careless in making decisions and encourages him to be strong. The researcher should also mention that amidst his dad’s firmness, he has a soft heart which enables him to understand his limitations and failures.

How Does The Drug Molly Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How Does The Drug Molly Work - Essay Example Ecstasy may be called a chemical cousin to Methamphetamine. Other names are Happy Pill, X, TC, Clarity, Love Drug, Adam (The Physiologic (Biologic) Basis of Drug Addiction). The powder may be injected, snores or ingested. The drug is usually used at clubs, discos, and concerts and in other places where people need to be energetic and fearless. The drug MDMA is very dangerous and may have really unknown consequences as sometimes each pill contains different combinations of mixed substances, which have various effects. As a rule the drug makes a person alert. Negative effects of the use may be nausea, high heart rate, muscle cramping, high blood pressure, faintness, chills, sweating, tremors, involuntary teeth clenching, muscle tension, hyperthermia or even death. Side effects include anxiety, depression, the feeling of sadness, paranoia, sleep problems, confusion, irritability, fatigue, feelings of empathy and emotional sensitivity, impaired attention, dizziness, loss of appetite, con stipation, aches and pains, exhaustion and drug craving. All these effects may last from several days to a week. High doses of Molly may seize and compromise the ability of the heart to maintain normal rhythms. Molly overdose leads to panic attacks, acute delirium, loss of consciousness, disorganized thinking, overresponsive or overreactive reflexes, circulatory shock, cardiac arrhythmia, cardiotoxicity, heart damage, brain damage, organ failure, coma or death. Being short for molecule, Molly is considered to be the purest MDMA, whereas Ecstasy is usually laced with caffeine, methamphetamine or other ingredients. The Drug Enforcement Administration finds that MDMA has a very high potential of risk, that is why the most controlled substance is and is not accepted in medical treatment (â€Å"Molly,† Powder or Crystal Form of MDMA, is Popular at Music Festivals). The drug is considered to be empathogenic of the phenethylamine and amphetamine classes. Molly refers to MDMA in a cr ystal form or powder and is the highest level of purity (MDMA). Chemical formula of the drug is C11H15NO2. This industrial chemical is used as the chemical synthesis intermediate in some chemical industries. TFMPP (Triflouromethylphenyl piperazine) became a legal alternative of Ecstasy or MDMA in 2001. Being combined with benzylpiperazine (BZP) the drug is often sold as ‘legal x’, ‘A2’ or ‘legal E’. The primary precursor for MDMA manufacturing is a slightly yellow or colorless liquid, which oily and extracted from the sassafras tree (the fruit or the root-bark). Different intermediates together with various synthetic methods help to convert safrole into MDMA. The most common way is via the MDP2P intermediate (3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-2-propanone) (MDMA). The properties of Molly are similar to the effects of Ecstasy. In case of overdosing a person may have hallucinogenic reactions. As it is not known what quantities and substances of the drug ar e injected, the danger of using it is very high. The content of MDMA pills varies from one region to another and from one brand to another. Another problem is that the drug may contain such active substances as ephedrine, caffeine, amphetamine, mephedrone and others which may be cheap and of very low quality. Very often pills that are sold as ecstasy have no content of MDMA having a variety of undesirable substance and drugs instead. The

Laser And Intense Pulsed Light Therapy

Laser And Intense Pulsed Light Therapy The focus of this assignment is to examine the current legislations applicable to an establishment of a laser or Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) practice within England. The aim is to demonstrate an understanding of the current market and undertake a critical review and evaluation of the range of equipment for the removal of hair and skin enhancement. The equipment is to include treatment of photo rejuvenation, acne and vascular abnormalities. The discussion points will outline the key requirements of the Care Quality Commission (CQC) in registering the use of IPL or laser treatments in a beauty clinic. It is vital to undertake a critical review of the latest advances in laser or IPL equipment on the market, including the types of conditions they can treat, and to ensure the equipment covers skin types 1 to 6 on the Fitzpatrick scale. When consider purchasing IPL or laser equipment for a new clinic discuss what factors need to be consider when selecting appropriate systems. Methodology The methods used to gain information regarding this assignment were secondary from books and websites. By using the search engine Google and taking information from books data was gathered to put this assignment together. Also primary research was carried out when discussing, with other managers, the registration process and equipment used within their establishment. Findings Outline the key requirements of the Care Quality Commission (CQC) in registering premises for the use of IPL or laser equipment. In April 2009 the CQC took over the Healthcare Commission and is established under the Health and Social Care Act (2008). The CQC outline specific standards that are adhered to by each type of independent healthcare provider such as non surgical cosmetic procedures including IPL. By law, certain establishments and agencies providing healthcare in the independent sector must be regulated by the Care Quality Commission (Care Quality Commission, 2009) it is the duty of the CQC to ensure the equipment is properly maintained and all staff involved in the use of the machinery are fully trained to operate it. This is to maintain standards of health and safety towards members of staff and clients. This includes annual checks on the establishments and paper work that includes training certificates and records of clients undergoing treatment. Before beginning the registration process there are requirements that a manager undergoes to ensure the process is dealt with efficiently. These include the set up of the treatment room, customer complaints policy, a statement of purpose, and a medical report, all of which should be written and documented to show proof to the CQC. When setting up a treatment room for the purpose of laser or IPL the area must be suitable for the procedure which includes no reflective surfaces, a cool cabinet or fridge, a treatment bed, room for the machine to manoeuvre, equipment for performing the treatment, razors and a sharps box. The lighting must be to a high standard and a lock on the door means no one could potentially walk in during the treatment. This is to ensure all health and safety measures have been taken to provide a safe working environment. Risk assessment of the laser controlled area is vital and needs to be updated yearly or when any new equipment is acquired. The risk assessment includes PAT testing, treatment room standards, COSHH on the products used and the appropriate health and safety guidelines. When applying to register for the first time the manager must first read the guidance on applying for registration. It is compulsory to complete application forms R1 and R1SOP, along with a self-assessment form available from the CQC website. If it is required to have a registered manager, the form R1A needs to also be completed. When apply for registration, there is a non-refundable application fee. A series of other information is required to fill out the forms mentioned above, which includes a copy of the applicants birth certificate, any certificates of a change of name, a recent passport photograph, a copy of certificates relating to any relevant professional qualification obtained, a copy of each applicants up-to-date curriculum vitae (CV), a medical report, two personal references and a pre-interview self-assessment questionnaire should be filled out sent to the CQC. A statement of purpose consists of information on the intention of the equipment; this should be outlined and u p dated when necessary and a copy should be sent to the CQC. The registration process cannot start until the appropriate fee has been submitted for laser and IPL from then on annual fees are applied. The registration process can then take eight to twelve weeks to complete. Key staff involved in the process of laser and IPL include the manager and owners of the business and the staff who will be operating the machinery. Staff training can be provided by appointed Colleges that have the facilities, alternatively when buying the machinery specific companies provide training. For staff to be eligible for training the minimum qualification is NVQ level 3 or equivalent in the Beauty sector. This is to ensure the therapists using the equipment have a high standard of anatomy and physiology. It is imperative that the employees are trained to a high standard as the equipment can be dangerous. It is the managers responsibility to ensure all therapists are competent and trained in the equipment before providing treatments. The policies needed to ensure the correct standards are maintained include consultation forms, records clinical controls and client protocols. It is the responsibility of the manager and all employees to maintain current accurate records of clients medical history, skin conditions and personal information and to ensure they are signed by both the client and the member of staff performing the treatment. Undertake a critical review of the latest advances in laser and IPL equipment on the market and the types of conditions they can treat. Ensure work covers equipment for skin types 1 to 6 Laser and IPL machines are ever advancing with technology. This provides companies with up to date knowledge and expertise which can enhance the treatments given and adapt to new ones. It is important to discover clients needs and expectations to find a treatment that can help with the majority of concerns. Research is obtained to ensure the products produced will have an impact and be successful. It is vital that the equipment chose by a business appeals to the majority of clients. As there are many different skin types the machinery has a Fitzpatrick Scale (see fig 1) the equipment should cater for all 6 skin types on the chart. The equipment neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet; Nd:Y3Al5O12 (ND:Yag) and IPL are the only pieces of equipment that work on all 6 skin types of the Fitzpatrick Scale. See Appendix 5 for a table on a wide range of products that use laser and IPL. This table shows the ND:Yag and IPL equipment is versatile and adaptable to accommodate all skin types. Appendix 1 shows a comparison of the equipment which demonstrates the qualities and uses. It is shown that the IPL works on the upper layers of the skin to aid with skin rejuvenation and hair removal amongst other treatments. IPL treatments are well established and have had many studies and independent surveys performed on them. ND:Yag is the new technology so it does not have all information on long term affects and results. This equipment works on the lower layers of the skin and hair follicle to enhance the treatment. The ND:Yag provides treatments for acne treatment and works more effectively on darker skin types. Lynton are a leading recognised company in the UK providing equipment for the use of hair removal and skin rejuvenation using IPL Laser and ND:Yag technology. Lumina is a piece of equipment that is versatile and works on many skin conditions (see appendix 3) and has options to select from Intense Pulsed Light only or Intense Pulsed Light with laser. This piece of equipment is high powered for fast results and has the flexibility and adaptability to perform well in most businesses. The Lightseries is a piece of equipment that has the latest multifunctional Alexandrite technology (see appendix 4) to perform treatments similar to the Lumina. Both machines have benefits to the business and it would be down to the manager to decide which would be most suitable to the individual clientele. Consider purchasing IPL or laser equipment for a new clinic, include what factors need to consider when selecting appropriate systems When a manager decides to invest in a new piece of machinery there are many factors that need to be considered to ensure the purchase it suitable for the business. There are many points to a new piece of machinery including, latest technology, design, cost and function which need to be researched. Demonstrations from the different companys to provide presentations on the information gathered on the product can be invaluable to making a decision on where to invest. This provides an opportunity for the manager to see the machinery, packages, ask all questions and see a presentation on the results. It is important to gather all information and have written proof of offers; this provides some security with facts and figures, to refer to at a later stage. The company providing the machinery needs to be reputable and information on the companys back ground can be fundamental to evaluate whether an investment is worthy. The longer the company and product have been established can make impact on a managers decision. The company need to provide a good basis of knowledge and results of the equipment to prove its functionality. Independent studies are effective in sourcing information on a product and confirming results produced. Questions such as how likely the machine is to break down, and if it does how easily is it to call out an engineer and have the parts available for replacement should be clearly outlined by the company. It is vital to know how many engineers are close by, how often does it need servicing and how much time will this take away from clients receiving treatments. What is the contingency plan of the company, what happens when it does not go according to plan and how efficient and proactive are the company at providing r esults. What organisations are the company affiliated with and what customer support is provided will prove to a manager that the company are committed to the success of a business. The machine needs to suit a certain criteria including size, design, mobility, presentation and function. The function of the machine needs to appeal to the majority of clients skin types and conditions. From an accounts point of view cost is an important issue. How much are the start up costs, replacement parts, how much are servicing costs and how often are they performed. Profit needs to be considered as to how much could the machinery make for the business, how long before a return will be seen and how much will the marketing and advertising cost. The manager will asses staff training, what is required, how often and where the training will be carried out. The company should explain if the training is an additional cost or included in the cost of the equipment or package. With all of this information a manager can make an informed decision on the investment. Conclusion To summarise, the first task was to research the process of obtaining the permission of the CQC to provide laser and IPL treatments. The legislation process involves a lot of paperwork, time and effort. This venture takes planning and determination from a manager and thorough meticulous, attention to detail. The outcome of the assignment is to show understanding of the different companies that provide equipment and the types of equipment available. With good understanding of what is involved in the decision process a manager can make an informed choice of what is suitable for the business needs. From a managers point of view the information gathered can be the deciding factor on whether or not to invest in such a venture. From this assignment I found it interesting to look at the tasks from a managers point of view and reflect on what I may consider doing in the future to encourage expanding the treatment range available to clients. Bibliography ABC lasers (2010) Home (online) available from www.abclaser.co.uk accessed 1st April 2010 Aesthetic lasers (2010) IPL and Laser (online) available from http://www.laseroffers.com/category/risk-and-safety-issues-in-aesthetics/ipl-and-lasers/ accessed 1st April 2010 Alma Lasers (2009) Alma Lasers (online) available from www.almalasers.com accessed http://www.almalasers.com/products.jsp accessed 28th October 2009 Bickmore, R.H( 2004) Miladys Hair Removal techniques British Medical Laser Association (2010) Medical Laser Resource (online) available from http://www.bmla.co.uk/index.php/medical-laser-resources accessed 1st April 2010 Care Quality Commission (2010) Laser Lights (online) available from http://www.cqc.org.uk/_db/_documents/Lasers_Lights.pdf accessed 1st April 2010 Eden Aesthetics (2010) Products (online) available from http://www.edenaesthetics.com/products.php accessed 29 the November 2009 Ellipse (2010) Ellipse Micro light (online) available from http://www.ellipseipl.co.uk/pdfs/Ellipse-MicroLite-Brochure.pdf accessed 13th February 2010 Goldberg, D. (2000), Laser Hair Removal. Martin Dunitz, London Godfrey, S. (2002), Principles and Practice of Electrical Epilation. Butterworth Heineman Lanigan, W.S. (2000) Lasers in Dermatology. London Springer Verlag Ltd. Lucid Training (2010) Core Knowledge (online) available from http://www.lucidtraining.co.uk/coreofknowledgecourses.htm accessed 13th February 2010 Reference Aesthetic lasers (2010) IPL and Laser (online) available from http://www.laseroffers.com/category/risk-and-safety-issues-in-aesthetics/ipl-and-lasers/ accessed 1st April 2010 Care Quality Commission (2010) Laser Lights (online) available from http://www.cqc.org.uk/_db/_documents/Lasers_Lights.pdf accessed 13th February 2010 Care Quality Commission (2010) Guidance on applying for Registration (online) available from http://www.cqc.org.uk/_db/_documents/Guidance_on_applying_for_registration_Independent_private_and_voluntary_healthcare.pdf accessed 13th February 2010 Care Quality Commission (2009) Guidance for Professionals (online) available from http://www.cqc.org.uk/guidanceforprofessionals/registration/independenthealthcareservices/howtoregister.cfm accessed 28th October 2009 Laser hair removal review(2009) Fitzpatrick Scale (online) available from http://www.laserhairremovalreview.com/comparison.html accessed 29 the November 2009 Lynton (2010) Lumina (online) available from http://www.lynton.co.uk/product_details.php?id=45 accessed 1st April 2010 Appendix Appendix 1 YAG 1064 nm Lasers Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) Devices Applications Hair Removal, Photo rejuvenation, Skin Tightening, Active Acne treatment, Telangiectasias (spider veins), Rosacea, Sun Age Spots, Pseudofolliculitis Barbae. Hair Removal, Photo rejuvenation, Sun Age Spots, Rosacea. Efficacy High power to dermis: more energy to follicles, vessels, collagen, sebaceous glands. High power absorption in epidermis: less energy to deep dermal structures. Comfort Less painful due to shorter pulse durations. Painful due to tendency to super heat epidermal melanin. Skin cooling gels or equipment needed. Risk of Side Effects Safe on all Skin Types. all Skin Types. Consumables Few or none. Frequent head replacements (on average after 30,000 pulses), filters and gels annual cost $5,000-$10,000. Aesthetic lasers (2010) IPL and Laser (online) available from http://www.laseroffers.com/category/risk-and-safety-issues-in-aesthetics/ipl-and-lasers/ accessed 1st April 2010 Appendix 2 Lynton New Product information company equipment description use Lynton LP YAG HANDPIECE long pulsed Nd:YAG to add to a LUMINA base system hair removal for darker skin, skin rejuvenation, and leg veins for darker skin Lynton OMNILUX ideal for small treatment rooms, or those just starting out non invasive light therapy. Multiple treatment heads for use on acne, skin rejuvenation, wrinkles, non-melanoma skin cancer and psoriasis. Lynton Q-PLUS SERIES active q-switched Nd:Yag Laser with out puts at 1064nm and 532nm for use on epidermal and dermal pigmentation lesions and multicoloured tattoo fading and removal Lynton Q-PLUS C a single system combining actively Q-Switched YAG and Ruby Lasers providing outputs of 1064nm. 532nm and 694nm. For use on fading and removing tattoos of all colours and treatment of epidermal and dermal pigmented lesions. Lynton (2010) Lumina (online) avalabie from http://www.lynton.co.uk/product_details.php?id=45 accessed 1st April 2010 Appendix 3 Lynton Lumina LUMINA The flexible dermatological tool-box with Intense Pulsed Light, Laser and Q-Switched Laser technology. This clinically proven medical system leads the aesthetic sector in application versatility and revenue capability, with combined Intense Pulsed Light and Laser treatments. LUMINA is unrivalled in its system lifetime and flexibility, treating deep and superficial vascular lesions, unwanted hair, superficial and dermal pigmentation, photo-rejuvenation, active acne and multi-coloured tattoos. LUMINA has many unique features, including integral printer for treatment record keeping, patient database for instant and accurate records and digital imaging, as well as Interchangeable Light Guide (ILG) technology, all in a platform designed to accept application upgrades. Uniquely, LUMINA can be taken as an Intense Pulsed Light only specification at first and upgraded to add further Intense Pulsed Light handpieces and Laser accessories as required onto its compact single platform, givi ng a truly lifetime service. Please note LUMINA Intense Pulsed Light and Laser options require registration with the Care QualityCommission. KEY FACTS à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Select from Intense Pulsed Light only orIntense Pulsed Lightwith laser options à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ High power for fastresults à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Lifetime flexibilityand adaptability à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The leading UKaesthetic system Lynton (2010) Lumina (online) avalabie from http://www.lynton.co.uk/product_details.php?id=45 accessed 1st April 2010 Appendix 4 LIGHT SERIES The latest multifunctional Alexandrite, KTP and Nd:YAG Laser Platforms LIGHT Series systems are characterized by the best long pulsed laser technology available today, and the ability to combine multiple wavelengths into a single unit results in an extremely cost-effective system that allows a wide range of treatment possibilities and a rapid return on investment. The LIGHT A is an alexandrite laser at 755nm, the Gold Standard in permanent laser hair reduction for skin types I-IV and pigmented lesions. The LIGHT A* combines long pulsed Nd:YAG and alexandrite, resulting in the most comprehensive hair removal system on the market. It can also operate in short pulsed Nd:YAG mode, which is specifically designed for collagen remodelling and skin rejuvenation. The LIGHT C Long/Short Pulsed Nd:YAG (1064nm) Long Pulsed KTP (532nm) is ideal for practitioners who want to offer a wide range of treatments such as port wine stains, vascular treatments, post-sclerotherapy matting, rosacea, pigmented lesions, hair removal for all skin types, skin rejuvenation and tightening, and leg veins all in one system. Lynton (2010) Lumina (online) available from http://www.lynton.co.uk/product_details.php?id=45 accessed 1st April 2010

Essay --

Every job has its ups and downs, but it just happened to be that we, as human beings, tend to drag our work problems with us to our personal life. Knowing how to separate work from personal life is hard, especially in today’s society considering the technology we have today. This research made me aware of the stress and everyday interactions that probation officers endure and I must admit, is more stressful than I thought. I have always imagined a probation officer’s job much more facile not having such a huge caseload, but like they say, ignorance is bliss. In the following essay, I will be discussing the findings about the stress of a probation officer. This first study did not mention exactly how many officers were used in this study but it stated that 39 to 55 percent have experienced work related violence or threats. (ncjrs.gov). Most of the work related stress did not come from the offenders but from the agency itself. There are three major types of stress in the probation world, high caseloads, paper work and lastly but not least deadlines. And as many jobs have it, about 87 percent blame their supervisor for one of the causes of stress. They said the lack of advancement of the job, and recognizing well job done. (ncjrs.gov). As we can see already, each and one of these stress actors is tied to another. Now the question to ask is how these strong and willing full individual deal and cope with their stress. Some said they took extra sick days just for themselves and other by going to church, venting with family, friends or co workers and others by exercising. (ncjrs.gov) There has been some suggestion to create stress relief programs. Few of the reasons to create relief stress programs is so probation officer will call out s... ...alifying ones.( White, Gasperin, Nystrom, Ambrose, Esarey). Their reason was because of the salary of the job and format. They continue saying that one must be mature, tolerance, open minded, patience and self confidence. .( White, Gasperin, Nystrom, Ambrose, Esarey). This brings up a good point. Wanting to be a community correction officer must be a job one loves and have passion for it because the pay and burnouts that come along with it are not the greatest. One most really consider all the option, pros, and cons of the job before take it. Being a probation officer is like working in the back of a movie scene. Also that one must seen the offender beyond their offense. .( White, Gasperin, Nystrom, Ambrose, Esarey). Trying to see the offender by their offense takes a lot of humbleness. It’s hard to see pass someone who molested a child or murder and innocent child

Envirofit Company Essay

1. It is appropriate to consider Envirofit to be a social enterprise because their main focus is innovation, risk taking, and large-scale transformation to solve social problems. Envirofit is doing so by bringing sustainable clean energy solution to solve health and energy challenges on a global level at the lowest possible cost. They are combining resources while exploring and exploiting opportunities to create social value by stimulating social change or meeting social needs. They are meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet that need. In this case the need is clean air. Envirofit’s approach to shared value is to make a difference by focusing on energy and pollution reduction, and health and economic improvement. They wanted to create and economical value and also create value for society by addressing its needs and challenges. Envirofit hoped to reduce pollution by developing commercializing a retrofit kit that dramatic ally reduced emissions in dirty two-stroke carbureted motorcycle engines. Their approach was to transform their business thinking, recognizing societal weaknesses and create a way of solving both. The social problem Envirofit is attempting to solve is air pollution while increasing the income of the drivers through increased fuel mileage. Envirofit offer it’s investors a good reputation and a triple bottom line by giving them the chance to go beyond the traditional measures of profit but also include environmental and social dimensions. They would be more focused on profits, people, and the planet instead of just profits. 2. The Envirofit’s two stroke motorcycle engine conversion kit described as being targeted at the â€Å"base of the pyramid† because the taxi drivers are considered micro-entrepreneurs; using the small amount of money they earn to support their families. They typically earn $3-$5 per day after all their expenses. These drivers are in the largest and poorest socioeconomic group. The impact this has on Envirofit’s business model is that it would be challenging to find ways so that the drivers can purchase the kit at a reasonable price. It would be challenging to come up with a business model that would meet their triple bottom line objectives, allow for scalability, and provide the ability to raise start-up capital. The factors that they need to take into consideration include: the market, the customer, and the competition. 3. One of the biggest obstacles to be overcome would be  developing a business model that would enable them to sell to customers in base of the pyramid markets and meet their triple bottom line objectives. Finding a way that motorcycle drivers could afford the projected price of the kit ($220), which is a significant money to the drivers because they make less than five dollars a day, little money saved, and little access to commercial credit. They would also need to learn the market, manufacturing, finance, regulatory, and cultural issues that the venture would face. Another obstacle is to provide a kit that would be commercially available, durable, and reliable. It also needs to have less power draw on the motorcycle and easy and inexpensive to install. 4. If I was offered the opportunity to join the venture as one of its key members, I would evaluate the long term impact of the venture. If it’s something that has the potential to make significant changes in the environment especially in third-world countries, I would definitely accept the offer. From what I read, it all sounds like a great plan but it needs lots of work and effort and I would definitely make the sacrifice because I think it would pay off in the long run. 5. I would look for start-up capital among the members of the ventures before looking anywhere else. It is very important for the members to invest first that way they can show potential investors that they are serious about their venture. I would also turn to nonprofit organizations and large corporations that are interested in making profits as well as helping the environment.

Things Your Tween Should Do Before Middle School Ends

Things Your Tween Should Do Before Middle School Ends It​ may  seem like your tween began middle school just a few months ago, but time has a way of passing us by. If your tweens middle school experience is coming to an end, there are  a few ways you can help him or her remember their time and prepare for the high school experience. Here are a few things your tween should do before the final day of middle school approaches. It will be here before you know it.   Attend a Middle School Dance   If your child has avoided dances or other social gatherings while in middle school now is the chance to attend one before the year is out. Encourage your tween to go to a school dance, carnival, concert, or other school function before middle school ends. If he or she is shy about going alone, have him or her gather a group of friends to attend together. Take pictures and give them suggestions on making it through the event if they feel awkward or out of place.   Take Pictures Your tween thinks that he or she will remember everything from middle school forever, but that isnt the case. Encourage your tween to take photos of the school, friends, and even teachers. Also, have him or her go through their locker and school binders for notes, handouts or other items that would be fun to keep for later. If your tween is creative, he or she can combine photos and other items into a fun scrapbook to enjoy for years to come. Also, if your family budget allows, be sure to purchase a yearbook so that your child can have friends sign it and keep as a forever reminder. Thank Those Middle School Teachers   Chances are your child had a few teachers during the middle school years that he or she really liked and who had a positive impact on your tween. Nows the time to thank them for all they did. Your tween can write personal thank you notes for his or her special teachers, or just leave a simple Thank You on the teachers white board as a surprise. If your child wants to do something special, he or she could bake brownies or find a special teacher gift for favorite middle school teachers.   Make a List of Top Middle School Events When your tween is older he or she will have fun looking back on the middle school experience. Encourage your child to make lists of middle school events, friends, etc. He or she could even get friends involved by asking them for their list of favorite middle school experiences. Tuck the lists away in his or her yearbook so he or she can enjoy reading them later.   Visit Your New High School   If middle school is coming to an end, that means that high school is just around the corner. See if your tween can visit the new school or attend a school orientation. Seeing a new campus will help your tween get excited about entering high school and it might even give him or her ideas on activities to join or try. Also, encourage your tween to visit the high school website to learn more about classes, clubs and other school events. Plan an End of Middle School Party   If youre up for it, allow your tween to have a gathering of middle school friends to bid farewell to middle school and hello to high school. You could invite a few close friends, or make it a large gathering, depending on your situation. Food, music and a slideshow of pictures from middle school will allow the children to appreciate their middle school days and get ready for high school.

Diabetic Macular Edema Market Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends And Forecast, 2013 2019 Essays

Diabetic Macular Edema Market Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends And Forecast, 2013 2019 Essays Diabetic Macular Edema Market Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends And Forecast, 2013 2019 Essay Diabetic Macular Edema Market Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends And Forecast, 2013 2019 Essay Diabetic Macular Edema Market Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends And Forecast, 2013 2019 Macular edema is the condition when the fluid and proteins start collecting on or under the macula of the eye thereby resulting in swelling. Due to such swelling, a person’s central eye vision gets distorted. Macular edema is classified into two types namely cystoids macular edema (CME) and diabetic macular edema (DME).Visit Complete Report Here: marketresearchreports.biz/analysis-details/diabetic-macular-edema-market-global-industry-analysis-size-share-growth-trends-and-forecast-2013-2019 Diabetic macular edema is the major reason for loss of vision in patients suffering from diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes patient are reported to have a 10% risk of developing this condition during their lifetime. On the basis of the cause of disease, DME is classified into two types:Diffuse macular edema: due to abnormalities in dilated capillaries present in the retina.Focal macular edema: due to abnormalities in microaneurysmsFor diagnosing diabetic macular edema, an ophthalmologist checks the retina for symptoms of the disease including leaking blood vessel, retinal swelling, damaged nerve tissues and pale, fatty deposits on the retina. For further confirmation, comprehensive eye examination such as visual acuity test, dilated exam test and tonometry are performed.During the initial stages of DME, no treatment is needed unless the patients efficiently control their blood sugar levels. If the condition becomes severe, the standard treatment for diabetic macular edema is laser photocoagulation. This procedure utilizes laser to reduce edema byapplying a pattern of burnsor bycauterizing leaky blood vessels. For avoiding the side-effects of this treatment, retinal specialists apply injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factorcorticosteroids along with laser photocoagulation. Currently, there are only two approved drugs available

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Law Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Law Project - Essay Example Additionally, the law protects the employers from irresponsible employees (Gulf News. 2013). In this case, this research indents to find out the relationship between employee rights to be informed prior to being fired and the authority of employers to terminate employees’ responsibilities without notice. To analyze the situation of employer termination procedures, a case study on ABC v. XYZ (pseudo named as a classified case) in which the claimant, ABC, accuses the defendant, XYZ, to pay the periodical allowance (Small Claims Tribunal, 2012). This research makes use of article 61 and article 102(1-7), which deal with employee work termination. This research makes use of secondary data through the use of a case study. Case studies are accounts relating to a topic of interest about a specific entity. In this case, a case study is used in the analysis of recorded data regarding a real life situation. Since information is already published, a case study is considered a secondary source unless a live coverage through the use of primary data collection method, observation, is used. In order to access information relating to UAE labor law, the internet will be utilized since it provides relevant and recent information sources unlike print materials (Gulf News. 2013). The rationale of using the case study method in this case is to ensure that various other sources on the background of the case can be provided. In the analysis of legal data, this research makes use of FIRAC analysis method where facts, issue, rule, analysis, and conclusion are the legal analysis variables considered in this case. The nature of the data presented in the case study is in literature, descriptive format, and descriptive analysis is selected as the most appropriate method of analysis. The chosen case study to support the objectives of the research project include ABC v. XYZ case as well as two articles from the UAE

Business law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business law - Assignment Example t, that certain evidence be not presented or considered legal at the trial because it is believed by the defendant that the evidence has been obtained by the illegal means, generally in  violation  of the  Fourth Amendment  (search and seizure), Fifth Amendment  (privilege  against self incrimination). Advice/Conclusion: If the evidence with regard to bribery has been obtained by illegal means in violation of Fourth/Fifth Amendment, there is a case for suppression of subpoena and the judge may hear and decide a motion to suppress. â€Å"At a hearing on a motion to suppress, the judge may receive evidence on any fact related to the motion. Hearsay is admissible. Evidence Rules 11-1101(D)(1) and 11-104(A).† (JEC, Institute of Public Law) Analysis: Its compulsory to take third party insurance in most of the states in US. Innocent victims who are not responsible for accidents would be covered under third party insurance. The driver of the vehicle pays for the medical expenses with his third party insurance. Question – 3: Rebeccas complaint also alleges that in Rebeccas state there is a law forbidding commercial truck drivers from using cell phones while driving and that Coastal Constructions driver was using a cell phone at the time of the accident. What cause of action does this describe? Analysis: Apart from duty of care arising out of contractual obligations, individuals owe duty of care to strangers as well. An individual or group on performing any activity that harm another, either physically, mentally, or economically, ‘negligence in duty of care’ comes into picture. Taking reasonable care to avoid acts or omissions which a person can reasonably foresee would likely to injure others is the underlying point.   When a person is not responsible for the situation that warranted any incident which resulted into injury to others the person is not liable.   This general principle was established in the land mark case of Donoghue v Stevenson.in the

Mr S Ndzimba at Uj Essay Example for Free

Mr S Ndzimba at Uj Essay Redemption Song Analysis â€Å"Redemption Song,† a magnificently composed song by Bob Marley relates to oppression and deliverance of African slaves, who were brought from Africa to Jamaica. The general theme of this song is the beauty of the redemption of people after oppression. Support of this theme is found in Bob Marley’s connotation and tone. Connotation, the diction of words, is the most significant aspect of this song that supports the theme. Bob Marley’s terminology is responsible for creating a truly entrancing song. Bob initiates the song on a delicate level by describing the obliteration of the African people by slavery; â€Å"Oh pirates yes they rob I; / Sold I to the merchant ships, / Minutes after they took I / From the bottomless pit. (Marley 1-4). These very lines portray the appalling technique used to take Africans from their homeland to toil for others. The next line, â€Å"But my hand was made strong / By the hand of the Almighty. / We forward in this generation/ Triumphantly,† (Marley 5-8) illustrates the authority given to the slaves by God. Through His hand, the present generation has been capable of moving onward and prospering. The most eminent lines of the song, â€Å"Emancipate yourself from mental slavery / None but ourselves can free our minds† sustains thought that it is not the responsibility of the oppressors to free the oppressed; this assignment can only be completed by the oppressed themselves. Through the complete song, Bob Marley maintains an optimistic tone. He appears to believe that through all the pain and agony of slaves his generation will be able to formulate a difference. Evidence of this is found in the lines â€Å"We forward in the generation / Triumphantly† (Marley 3-4). This strictly means that descendents of Africans have been given an opportunity to right and improve the prospects their ancestors never had. Overall, â€Å"Redemption Song† is a incredibly stunning song that relates to not only African slaves but all others that have been oppressed. Bob Marley’s main purpose of this song is that, in the end, it is up to the oppressed to determine their freedom and destiny.

Selecting Channel Members

Selecting Channel Members Distribution plays an important role in the implementation of the international marketing program as it enables the products and services to reach the ultimate customer. And international marketing firm has the option of managing its distribution function either directly or indirectly through middleman or a suitable combination of the two. Due to physical distance, and also the differences in geographical, cultural and market characteristics of the trading countries, use of middlemen is found quite prevalent in international marketing. In fact, distribution is one such primary functions of marketing which makes use of the services of external independent agencies that bind the firm in a long term relationship. International Distribution Channels:- Distribution has two elements, the institutional and the physical. Physical distribution aspects cover transport and warehousing. The longer the channel, the more likely that producers profits will be indirectly reduced. This is because the end products price may be too expensive to sell in volume, sufficient for the producer to cover costs. Yet cutting channel length may be impossible, as country infrastructure requirements may dictate them being there. As already mentioned international marketers have the options of organizing distribution of their goods in foreign markets through the use of indirect channels, i.e. Using intermediaries, direct channels or a combination of the two in the same or different markets. Indirect Distribution Indirect channels are further classified based on whether the international marketer makes use of domestic intermediaries. An international marketer therefore, can make use of the following types of intermediaries for distribution in foreign markets. Domestic Overseas Intermediaries Commission buying agents Country-controlled buying agents Export management companies (EMCs) Export merchants Export agents Piggy backing Foreign Intermediaries Foreign Sales Representatives Foreign Sales Agents Foreign Stocking and Non-Stocking Agents State Controlled Trading Companies Direct Distribution The options available to international marketer in organizing direct distribution include sending missionary skies representatives abroad from the headquarter, setting up of local sales/branch office in the foreign country or for a region, establishing a subsidiary abroad, entering into a joint venture or franchising agreement. Companies having long-term interest in international marketing find it expedient to deploy their own sales force in foreign markets. This helps them in increasing their sales volume through committed market development activities, better control and motivation of foreign intermediaries being used, and paving the way for smoother transition to direct distribution and marketing. International Distribution Policy:- The international distribution policy of a firm according to Cateora, should cover the following factors: Question of control, size of margins, length of channels, terms of sale and channel ownership. Resource (money and personnel) commitment plans for the distribution function management keeping profit goals in a foremost position. Specific market goals expressed in terms of volume, market share and margin requirements, to be accomplished. Return on investment, sales volume and long run potential as well as guidelines for solving routine distribution problems, and The relationship between long-and short-term goals, the extent of the companys involvement in the distribution system as well as the extent of its ownership of middlemen. Adapting to distribution patterns Notwithstanding, the international distribution policy of the company, the factor of flexibility to adapt the distribution policy to local conditions of the foreign markets is very crucial for effective results. A clear understanding of the target market characteristics covering aspects such as traditions and conventions in the wholesaling and retail distribution patterns shopping habits of customers including customers reliance on channel members for product information and servicing; commercial terms; and legal requirements help define the selection of channel. The following trends help to illustrate the need to the above analysis for suitable adaptation of the distribution patterns: In the US, there has been a rapid expansion of large supermarkets and other retail chains, and also the deep-vertical integration into wholesale and manufacturing by large retail houses: In Sweden, a powerful consumer-oriented cooperative movement handles a substantial business in food, petroleum, etc. In Mexico, there is a modern retail distribution for the urban people, and traditional outlets and public distribution system exists for the poor. In China, wholesalers mainly control the Chinese distribution system. In Japan, large trading companies, handle half of Japanese trade while a large number of wholesale and retail outlets help products to penetrate in its market. In Saudi Arabia, a small number of hands approved by the royal family control its manufacturer-wholesaler retailer distribution system. Agents in Foreign Markets Agents, known by different names and performing varying functions in different foreign markets, have a historically established place in international distribution. While agents do not take the title to the goods, their importance stems from: local language proficiency, access to important policy and decision-makers, overcoming business culture differences, short circuiting the buying-selling process, and performing the cumbersome formalities and complying with routines and procedures of the foreign market. Selecting Distribution Channels and Channel Members:- Channels are an integrative part of the marketers activities and as such are very important. They also give a very vital information flow to the exporter. A channel is an institution through which goods and services are marketed. Channels give place and time utilities to consumers. In order to provide these and other services, channels charge a margin. The, longer the channel the more margins are added. Within the overall international distribution policy of the firm, the factors of: capital requirements; level of distribution costs; desired extent of control over distribution channel; depth of market coverage; product-market distribution pattern characteristics; competitive practices; legal requirements; and Short-term versus long-term involvement of the firm in international marketing govern the choice of distribution channels. Basically the choice comes down to two alternatives, the producer /seller selling direct or through an international merchant or agent. This is followed by the development of criteria for the selection of specific intermediaries. The criteria generally includes factors as financial soundness, local government contacts, business reputation, distribution network, technical support and infrastructural facilities (esp. relating to heavy industrial goods), business experience and managerial expertise, commercial terms, and extent of exclusivity to the international marketer. As the selection of the channel members commit the marketer to them for a relatively long period of time, their selection involves a cautious process and a careful analysis and referencing. Some international marketers make us of an elaborate process in this regard which begins with relative rating of candidate firms on pre-determined criteria. After the channel member is selected it is a prudent business practice to enter into a written agreement spelling out the scope of commitment to each other and thus minimizing the possibility of disputes and misunderstandings, 5 lists the items that should be included in a typical agreement with the foreign channel members. Items to include in an Agreement with Foreign Channel Members Name and address of both parties Date when the agreement goes into effect Duration of the agreement Provisions for extending or terminating the agreement Description of sales territory Establishment of discount and/or commission schedules and determination of when and how paid. Provisions for revising the commission or discount schedules Establishment of a policy governing resale prices Maintenance of appropriate service facilities Restrictions to prohibit the manufacture and sale of similar and competitive products Designation of responsibility for patent and trademark negotiations and/or pricing The assign ability or non-assign ability of the agreement and any limiting factors Designation of the country and state of contract jurisdiction in the case of dispute Motivation of Channel Members In order to get the best out of the international marketer and channel member relationship it is necessary that economic and non-economic incentives be used for the purpose. It may be emphasized that channel members being independent business entities, their key consideration for relationship is economic. If the channel member does not get an adequate economic return it is unlikely that he will put in his best in the business. In addition, regularity of contact, involvement in goal setting, better understanding of the international marketers business, and provision of assistance in market development or other areas of deficiency of the channel members capability prove useful for getting the channel members more than what they are generally expected to contribute. Robert Douglas Stuart suggests the following ways for strengthening the channel members loyalty: Build your distributor with your company: bring him into your picture; discuss future plans as they affect his area with him, seek his advice. Give your distributor an effective profit margin; try to keep in mind that you want to be in business with him for several years; make him want to continue the relationship. Be sure he has credit terms which make him competitive, or more so, in amount and length of payment. Maintain regular correspondence, and make sure he can clearly understand what you have to say. Make a point of commenting on successful distributors in whatever communication you use in his area (advertising, publicity, sales bulletins, and so on) Control of Channel Members Control of channel members in international distribution though difficult yet is an important aspect of its management. Accomplishment of sales targets, market coverage and development goals, payment schedules, and profit contribution made are some of the factors on which the performance of channel members is appraised and controlled. Constant monitoring, periodic reviews, regular communications and intermittent suggestions help a marketer to control its channel members and keep the marketer-channel member power balance in its favor. Legal requirements and adverse impact on reputation must be given their due weight age if and when the unavoidable decision of termination of channel member is to be taken. International Physical Distribution Management (IPDM):- Ever since globalization transformed the transport sector, national boundaries have become permeable to penetration by trade, creating the need for flexible transport solutions. Intermodalism and containerization were the by-products of this era and were poised to metamorphosis transport of general cargo, moving it `seamlessly through sea and land arteries. Forty years ago, the physical process of exporting or importing goods was arduous. Goods needed to be transported by lorry to the port, unloaded into a warehouse and then reloaded into the ship `piece by piece. The management of physical distribution of goods includes the functions as well as costs associated with packing, order taking and processing, and inventory control. Given the geographical distance, the associated business risks and the variety of transportation modes available, the management of this function poses a difficult challenge so far as the objectives of ensuring ready and regular supply of goods, in foreign markets at the most optimal costs are concerned. Physical Distribution Management, known as the dark continent of marketing offers tremendous potential in cost cutting and improving profitability. It requires the use of a systems approach and the management of the transportation, warehousing and inventory functions in an integrated manner. Containerization `Containerization, the term very familiar to present day shipping industry was a completely unknown concept a few decades back. It was Malcom McLean, owner of a huge trucking company in USA, who first conceived the idea of containerization by transporting. Containers through `Ideal X in 1956 and initiated a revolution in the history of shipping industry. Over the years, the industry has created a separate identity within the shipping world through continuous development and Maersk Lines, PO Nediloyd, Sealand Services (CSX), APL and others have come up as international majors serving customers all over the globe. The growth of containerization in India has been slow and steady. The formation of Container Corporation of India (Concor) as an autonomous body under the Ministry of Railways in 1988 boosted the efforts at increasing containerized traffic in the country. Over the years, volume of container traffic has experienced continuous growth and registered a volume of2.22 million TEUs in 1999-2000 at the major ports of India. A significant number of international container lines are active in India making business through their own office or through selected agents. Amongst the Indian shipping companies, only `The Shipping Corporation of India is active in the international liner business. It has tied up with Zim Navigation of Israel and Yang Ming Line of Taiwan to provide services on international routes. Of the 11 major ports of the country, Jawaharlal NehruPort (JNP) and Mumbai Port have. Established as the gateway ports for container traffic to India having a combined market share of around 60% of the total container traffic. Lack of adequate infrastructure in form of container handling equipment, CFS network and rail network in other ports have led to concentration of container traffic at Mumbai and JNP. Liberalization and privatization policy taken up by the Government of India has resulted into the commissioning of new ports like Adani and Pipavav. The various advantages offered by containerization include: Containers can be loaded and sealed at the consignors premises or at nearby container depot, minimizing the risk of theft. Since the goods are not directly handled during voyage, the risk of damage is minimized. Cargo can be loaded in a matter of hours rather than days the reduction in handling time at ports results in increasing berth capacity. The faster turn-round enables ships to make a higher number of annual voyages and reduces the number of necessary ships. Because of the numerous advantages, both air and water carriers encourage the use of containers by charging lower rates for containerized shipments. Conclusion:- International distribution and sales policy decision is one of the most complex aspect of international marketing management. Along with price and promotion decisions, a decision has to be made on the distribution system. There are two components to this the physical (order processing storage/warehousing and transport) and the institutional aspects. The latter involves the choice of agents, distributors, wholesalers, retailers, direct sales or sales forces. Again, each has its own advantages and disadvantages. However, it is in the channel of distribution that the international marketer can encounter many risks and dangers. These involve many transaction costs both apparent and hidden. Risks include loss in transit, destruction, negligence, nonpayment and so on. So careful choice and evaluation of channel partner is a necessity. Regular report on foreign markets, foreign visits, and deployment of sales force abroad and, an in-depth analysis of physical distribution cost and obstacles help a firm to streamline its international distribution, offer superior customer service, and keep distribution cost within reasonable limits. Since distribution decisions bind the marketers with their channels for long-term, its implications in terms of costs, flexibility, control and reputation must be examined carefully before committing the decision.

Planets and Solar System Essay -- Science Astronomy Astronomical Essay

Planets and Solar System "A planet is a celestial body that revolves around a central star and does not shine by its own light " (Grolier, 1992). The only planetary system that is known to man is our solar system. It is made up of nine planets which range in size and make-up. The nine major planets in our solar system are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. There are also many other minor planets which are also in our solar system, but they are unimportant compared to the nine major planets. In this paper I will discuss the planets and how they are each unique. Mercury which is the planet that is closest to the sun is the first planet I will discuss. Mercury is the smallest of the inner planets. It is speculated that the heat from the sun made it impossible for the gases present to become part of the planetary formation. The surface of Mercury is extremely hot. It is approximately 470 degrees celsius on the surface and is thought to be even hotter at the two " hot spots." These " hot spots " are on opposite ends of the equator. It is the heat of the surface that makes it impossible for Mercury to have any type of atmosphere. Mercury orbits the sun once every 88 days and has a true rotation period of 58.6 days. " It is the closest planet to the sun and therefore orbits faster than any other planet " (Thompson/Turk, 542, 1993). It is said that Mercury rotates three times for every two trips around the sun, so that during every alternate perihelon passage the same face points directly at the sun. " Geologically, the most remarkable features of Mercury are compressional cliffs or faults, just the sort of wrinkles that might form in the crust if the interior of the planet shrank slightly " (Morrison, 74, 1993). It is speculated that it was the solidification of Mercury's metallic core that caused this global shrinkage. Mercury is also " . . . enriched in metal or depleted of rock " (Morrison, 74, 1993). It is also believed that some of the inner core of Mercury is still in a fluid state. Scientists also believe that Mercury's surface is made partially of silicate rock. The best way to describe Mercury is, " . . . small, heavily cratered and airless " (Morrison, 71, 1993). Venus is the second closest planet to the sun and is said to " . . . most closely resemble Earth in size, density, and... ...n see the planets of most importance are the ones closest to the sun and Earth. Little is known about the far off planets therefore it is hard to give them full recognition. Much is known about Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. The other three planets are not as well known as these six are. Whether more planetary systems exist doesn't really matter. There are still plenty of things we don't understand about our own solar system. Scientists will have their work cut out for them in the future. Each and every planet has distinct differences and that helps show us how truly great God is. The planets will never fully be understood and will always be a great topic of discussion. Works Sited Cattermole, P. (1995). Earth and Other Planets. New York: Oxford University Press. Grolier Electronic Publishing, Inc. (1992). Hunt, G. & Moore, P. (1983). Atlas of the Solar System. Chicago: Rand Mc Nally & Company. Morrison, D. (1993). Exploring Planetary Worlds. New York: Scientific American Library. Thompson, G. & Turk, J. (1993). Earth Science and the Environment. New York: Saunders College Publishing & Harcourt Brace College Publishers.

Community Health Nursing Assessment

Community Health Assessment of 78382 Chamberlain College of Nursing NR-443 Fall Session, November 2012 Audrey L. Hendrix Community Health Assessment of 78382 Introduction In an effort to promote the health needs within a community, a successful community health nurse (CHN) must focus on the entire population. In order to accomplish this task, the CHN utilizes a scientific approach to determine the priority population focused health needs for the community.According to Nies & McEwen (2011), a population focus involving an assessment of the community is a primary tool utilized in order to develop planning, interventions, and evaluations for the community at large. The purpose of this paper is to determine a priority health problem of a specific community based on demographic data, epidemiological data, and a windshield survey of the community. Community Data Zip code 78382 is the official postal identification for the city of Rockport, Texas. Rockport is the county seat of Aransas Coun ty.Rockport is a Texas Gulf Coast community located on Live Oak Peninsula between Copano and Aransas Bay on State Highway 35. Named for the rock ledge that lies underneath the coastal shore, Rockport was founded after the Civil War as a cattle slaughtering, packing, and shipping port. This industry continued until the late 1800’s when boatbuilding and fishing began to develop into important industries. After the railroad came to Rockport, tourism and the resort business began to thrive (Shukalo, 2005). After the turn of the century, a major hurricane almost destroyed the entire community.Recovery from this devastating natural disaster was slow but by the late 1920’s the community once again began to thrive. At that time, shrimping became a major industry within the community. Throughout the next four decades, the community continued to grow with the main sources of commerce remaining in the areas of fishing, shrimping, and tourism. Today Rockport is a favorite vacation spot known as the Texas Riviera. Major sources of commercial life today in Rockport are the restaurant and motel industries (Shukalo, 2005). Demographic and Epidemiological DataThe estimated population of Rockport is 8,846 compared to 25,674,681 for the state of Texas. The age breakdown for the population is 5% under the age of 5, 17. 9% under the age of 18, 28. 3% over the age of 65 and 51. 7% female. The state of Texas is 7. 7% under the age of 5, 27. 3% under the age of 18, 10. 3% over the age of 65 and 50. 4% female (U. S. Census Bureau, 2012). Caucasian is the largest ethnic group in Rockport at 88. 7%, African-American at 1. 5%, American Indians at 0. 7%, Asian at 2. 4%, Native Hawaiian at 0. 1% and Hispanics at 20. 8%. The state of Texas lists Caucasians at 70. %, African-Americans at 11. 8%, American Indians at 0. 7%, Native Hawaiian at 0. 1% and Hispanics at 45. 3% (U. S. Census Bureau, 2012). Currently 14. 7% of the population over the age of five in Rockport does not spe ak English in the home setting, 87% of the population over the age of 25 is a high school graduate, and 32. 3% over the age of 25 has a bachelor’s degree. In comparison, the state of Texas lists 34. 2% over the age of five that do not speak English in the home, 80% over the age of 25 with a high school diploma, and 25. 8% over the age of 25 with a bachelor’s degree (U. S. Census Bureau, 2012).Per capita income in Rockport is $30,513 compared to $24,870 for the state of Texas. The median income per household is $44,487 and the state of Texas is $49,646. Individuals living below the poverty level in Rockport are 17. 6% of the population compared to 16. 89% for the state of Texas (U. S. Census Bureau, 2012). Current infant mortality in Rockport is 4. 2 per 1000 live births compared to six per 1000 live births for the state of Texas. Adult obesity is 26. 6% of the population in Rockport and 10. 7% of the population is diabetic. Childhood obesity is 23. 3% of the Rockport p opulation compared to 32. % in the state of Texas (Kaiser Health News, 2012). In 2002, Aransas County was listed as one of the top 10 dirtiest counties in Texas due to air pollution from a local chemical plant (Scorecard, 2012). Windshield Survey Within the community, a large amount of individuals are visible. Many are entering convenience stores and some are standing in the parking lot areas talking. A variety of ages is noted and the two major ethnic groups in the community, Caucasian and Hispanic, are the two that are the most visible. Many of the individual are overweight or obese. Some are well dressed while others are disheveled in appearance.Pregnant women are visible as well as women with small children. The general condition of the homes in Rockport is diverse. Many of the homes are multi-million dollar structures while others are dilapidated and in need of serious repair. People seen in the downtown area are walking but away from that area, most people are travelling in ca rs. Some people are travelling on bicycles or golf carts in designated areas. Three areas of public housing are noted but there are no visible signs of public transportation. Numerous campaign signs are visible throughout the entire community.One adult day care and two child day centers are noted during the survey. Two grade schools, one middle school, two private church schools, and one high school are seen during the survey. Many of the homes in the neighborhoods in the area are dirty and in need of repair. The yards are full of garbage and items such as old appliances, empty beer cans, and cars on blocks. Some of the roads are in need of repair and almost too narrow for two cars to traverse safely. Most of the business buildings have handicapped ramps leading up the sidewalks. Parking lots have handicapped parking and the doors have handicapped buttons.One large park is noted during the survey but the park was sparsely populated during the survey. Very few children are visible du ring the survey. Numerous full service restaurants as well as fast food facilities are seen throughout the community. Rockport has no hospital but there is one emergency care clinic. Two dialysis centers, one assisted living facility, and three long-term care centers are noted. Two physical therapy facilities are also seen during the survey as well as three dentist offices. While driving throughout the neighborhoods, very few children are seen outside playing.No neighborhood watch signs are visible in any of the neighborhoods. Numerous churches are seen throughout the entire community. No evidence of gang activity, drug abuse or alcohol abuse is visible during the survey. One herbal shop is located in the downtown area. Next door to the herbal store, there is an advertisement for massage therapy sessions. Signs advertising health clinics, lectures, or health fairs are not visible during the survey. Problem Assessment data clearly defines obesity as a focus health area. The combined percentage totals for the adults and children within the Rockport community that suffer from obesity is 49. %. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2012) obesity is one of the most common and most expensive health problems facing the United States. One of the objectives of Healthy People 2020 is to improve nutritional status and promote weight loss. When individual are overweight or obese, they are also at a high risk for numerous other medical complications such as hypertension, Type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, osteoporosis, and many more diseases (U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2012). Historical SignificanceBefore the 1900’s being overweight was considered a hallmark symbol of wealth and health. The additional weight indicated that the individual had the financial resources to obtain a vast amount of food. Today, however, obesity is indicative of current and future medical problems. Prior to the many modern day c onveniences that most individuals use today, people toiled at intense labor to make a living. Meals were prepared from scratch and microwave meals were not available. In addition, food was expensive and difficult to acquire. Walking was common and until the late 1980’s obesity was not a problem in the United States (Wiley, 2012).Summary Obesity is a medical health problem that has becoming an increasing health care dilemma for minorities, low-income populations, and immigrants. These populations are vulnerable to these health care issues due to a variety of factors such as cultural diet choices, genetics, lack of funds to resource more nutritious foods and lifestyle choices. Throughout the United States, obesity and diabetes are reaching epidemic levels (Candib, 2007). Individuals today live a more sedentary lifestyle. They eat more fast foods, fried food and consume drinks high in sugar content.Children in the public school system consume meals high in carbohydrates and ofte n engage in little or no physical activity. Lack of income reduces consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables and parents often purchase cheaper luncheon meats such as hot dogs rather than the more expensive cuts of meat. When the fast food giants introduced the super sizing concept to the world, thus began the super sizing of the population. References Candib, L. (2007) Obesity and diabetes in vulnerable population: Reflections on proximal and distal causes. Retrieved online from: http://annfammed. org/content/5/6/547. ull Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012) Obesity. Retrieved online from: http://www. cdc. gov/obesity Kaiser Health News (2012) Texas. Retrieved online from: http://www. statehealthfacts. org Nies, M. A. , & McEwen, M. (2011) Community public health nursing: Promoting the health of populations (5th ed. ). St. Louis, MO: Saunders/Elsevier Onboard Informatics (2010) Aransas County, Texas (TX). Retrieved online from: http://www. city-data. com/county/Aransa s-County-Tx. html Scorecard (2012) Pollution report card. Retrieved online from: http://scorecard. goodguide. com Shukalo, A. 2005) Handbook of Texas online. Retrieved online from: http://tshaonline. org/handbook/online/articles/hgr05 U. S. Census Bureau (2012) QuickFacts. Retrieved online from: http://www. census. gov/ U. S. Department of Health and Human Services (2012) Healthy people 2020: Nutrition and weight status. Retrieved online from: http://www. healthypeople. gov/2020/topicobjectives2020/overview. aspx? topicid=29 Wiley, S. (2012) Obesity history in the America. Retrieved online from: http://www. livestrong. com/article/359624-obesity-in-america/ Community Health Assessment of Rockport, Texas Introduction